Absolutely, they work well together and are comfortable under muffs. However, don't assume the Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) in dB for the combination is the sum of both.
For ear plugs with ear muffs, take the
higher of the two NRR dB ratings of the devices and add 5 dB to get the expected combined NRR.
For example, the Pro Mag Gold electronic ear muffs from Pro Ears, with a NRR of 33 dB, combined with SureFire EP-3 Sonic Defenders, with a NRR of 24 dB, yields an expected NRR of 38 dB (33+5) for a combination of the two at best.
Consider that a 45ACP pistol discharged indoors produces a short burst of noise in the range of 157-161 dB depending on acoustics. Even wearing ear plugs and muffs that's an exposure to 119+ dB for the shooter. That's not something you want to be exposed to for more than 1000 rounds or so in a range session (your shots and all the others nearby).
The source of my information is an
excellent post on the subject of hearing protection and firearms here at Glock Talk by member
Nemesis. My source for the upper range of noise from a 45ACP pistol (161 dB) came from
testing conducted by SilencerCo with a 45 Springfield 1911.