I'm in Fl and whent as a "observer" on 2 alligator hunts. And I would say that a bow would not be a wise choice from a boat due to the angles present and the movements of the gator while being hooked. BUT if you where taking one from the shoreline of a waterway or lake it would work. I knew of a few guides services that reccommends a compund bows for such hunts with the biggest cutting broadhead and heaviest arrow that you can accurately shoot.
The last hunt I whent on was done from a boat and let me tell you just whats kinda involved. The outfitter in Imokalee, FL that I whent on, used a big hook baited and if I was a guessing man, it was a 15/0 hook or bigger. ( don't know if a 15 Ought hook exist but you get the idea ). The gator was then drag or better worded " battle back to the boat" and shot with a 44mag bang stick on the top of the head.
Now yes I would guess a arrow could do the same thing as the bang stick, but picture a boat with 3 guys standing , kneeling and bending over the side, 2 of then holding and pulling on the rope and the 3rd holding the bangstick, with a splashing, darting object attach to hook that you have very little visibility of. Now also picture the water as about as dark as oil and then scratch the bangstick and put you in his place with an arrow shooting almost at a straight downward angle.That would be quite hard or a interesting feat.
Now if you where shooting from the land buggy or by foot on a gator resting on the water edges, then you would have a better access in hitting and killing a gator. Most big gators don't stay stationary verl long, when people approach them and are very quick into sliding away US humans.
Good luck and tell us if you manage to get one. Bring alot of energy and the gator hunt is a real thriller to be around even as a observer. Also they are quit expensive thru a guided operation and the public lottery selection is very hard to get . The hunt I whent on cost, my best friend neighbor dad almost 2K and like $900 to get it tranposrted and mounted. The meat isn't all that great in my opinion, but definetely a big rush for anybody involved
{You trying to get ate, man?}
Contrary to hollywood movies , the american gator is probably more afraid of us then them and will leave you alone unless you where challenging them or invading his/her home during gator mating/breeding seasons. Most wild gators fear us and the one to be
most afraid of are the local nieghborhood , in your backyard canals/ponds that have over came their fears due to humans feeding them. The 100% wild gator is just that "Wild!".