Endnotes: i FBI (1992). Killed In The Line Of Duty: A Study of Selected Felonious Killings of Law Enforcement Officers. U.S. Justice Department. Washington, DC.
ii The Oregonian, April 25, 1992, “Shootings: Who, What and How Many”
iii The Washington Post, November 15, 1998, “District Police Lead Nation In Shootings.”
iv Alpert, G., Dunham, R. (1995). “Police Use of Deadly Force: A Statistical Analysis of the Metro-Dade Police Department.” Police Executive Research Forum, Washington, DC.
v Data published from Metro-Dade Internal Affairs and Firearms Discharge Reports, 1990-2001.
vi The Oregonian, April 25, 1992, “Shootings: Who, What and How Many”
vii The number of long gun rounds fired is about 14% of the total number of rounds examined during this period. To what extent this skews hit probability is hard to determine, as suspect hits were not delineated by the caliber of projectiles causing wounds. Another confounding variable might be that for every “hit” with 12-gage buckshot, there might be as many as 8 other pellets missing their intended target.
viii Geller, W. & Scott, M. (1992). Deadly Force: What We Know. Police Executive Research Forum. Washington, DC.
ix Data published from Metro-Dade Internal Affairs and Firearms Discharge Reports, 1990-2001.
x The LAC data suggests that furtive movement on the part of suspect commonly preceded a mistake-of-fact shooting.
xi (1996-2001) Unpublished, scripted Simunition®-based role-playing scenarios conducted by the author.